Publications
Working Papers

Publications

Forman, Chris, Avi Goldfarb, and Shane Greenstein. 2012. The Internet and Local Wages: A Puzzle. American Economic Review 102(1): 556-575.
     Working Paper Version      Online Appendix
Shows relationship between business use of advanced internet technology and growth in wages.

Goldfarb, Avi and Catherine Tucker. 2012. Privacy and Innovation. Forthcoming in Innovation Policy and the Economy Volume 12. Eds. Josh Lerner and Scott Stern. NBER.
Review article on privacy and innovation.

Goldfarb, Avi and Catherine Tucker. 2011. Privacy Regulation and Online Advertising. Management Science 57(1), 57-71.
     Final Version
Combine field and natural experiments to show that online advertising became less effective in Europe after an increase in EU privacy regulation.

Goldfarb, Avi, and Catherine Tucker. 2011. Substitution between Online and Offline Advertising Markets. Journal of Competition Law and Economics 7(1), 37-44.
     Working Paper Version
Frames the results of "Search Engine Advertising: Channel Substitution when Pricing Ads to Context" and "Advertising Bans and the Substitutability of Online and Offline Advertising" in terms of market definition and the antitrust debate around online advertising platforms.

Goldfarb, Avi, and Catherine Tucker. 2011. Search Engine Advertising: Channel Substitution when Pricing Ads to Context. Management Science 57(3), 458-470.
     Final Version      Online Appendix
Examines the pricing of service engine advertisements for legal services in a natural experiment.

Goldfarb, Avi and Catherine Tucker. 2011 Advertising Bans and the Substitutability of Online and Offline Advertising. Journal of Marketing Research 48(2), 207-228.
     Working Paper Version
Combine field and natural experiments to show that online advertising is most effective in places that ban offline advertising.

Goldfarb, Avi and Catherine Tucker. 2011. Online Display Advertising: Targeting and Obtrusiveness. Forthcoming Marketing Science, lead article and discussion paper.
     Working Paper Version      Rejoinder
Use field experiment to show that targeted ads and highly visible ads work better separate than together.

Goldfarb, Avi and Catherine Tucker. 2011. Online Advertising in Advances in Computers volume 81. Ed. Marvin Zelkowitz. Elsevier.
     Working Paper Version 
Review article on online advertising.

Goldfarb, Avi, and Botao Yang. 2009. Are All Managers Created Equal? Journal of Marketing Research 46(5), 612-622.
     Working Paper Version.
Structural estimation of ISP decisions to adopt 56k modems using a behavioral economics (Camerer, Ho, and Chong 2004) framework.

Forman, Chris, Anindya Ghose, and Avi Goldfarb. 2009. Competition between Local and Electronic Markets: How the benefit of buying online depends on where you live. Management Science 54(1),47-57.
     Final Version
Identifies the importance of local retail supply factors in online purchase decisions.

Agrawal, Ajay, and Avi Goldfarb. 2008. Restructuring Research: Communication Costs and the Democratization of University Innovation. American Economic Review 98(4),1578-1590.
     Working Paper Version
Shows that Bitnet adoption is associated with an increase in collaboration between co-located middle-level and top-level universities.

Forman, Chris, Avi Goldfarb, and Shane Greenstein. 2008. Understanding the Inputs into Innovation: Do Cities Substitute for Internal Firm Resources? Journal of Economics and Management Strategy, 17(2).
     Final Version
Examines the substitutability of internal firm resources and external local resources in process innovation.

Goldfarb, Avi. 2008. Electronic Commerce. The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 2nd Edition. Eds. Steven Durlauf and Lawrence Blume, Palgrave Macmillan.
     Working Paper Version
Dictionary entry.

Goldfarb, Avi, and Jeffrey Prince. 2008. Internet Adoption and Usage Patterns are Different: Implications for the Digital Divide. Information Economics and Policy 20(1), 2-15.
     Working Paper Version      Online Appendix
Shows that higher income Americans are more likely to adopt the Internet, but lower income Americans spend more time online.

Forman, Chris, and Avi Goldfarb. 2006. Information and Communication Technology Diffusion to Businesses. Handbooks in Information Systems, Vol. 1: Economics and Information Systems, Ed. Terrence Hendershott, 1-52.
     Working Paper Version
Handbook chapter on ICT diffusion.

Blum, Bernardo, and Avi Goldfarb. 2006. Does the internet defy the law of gravity? Journal of International Economics 70(2),384-405.
     Working Paper Version      Online Appendix
Shows that Americans are more likely to visit websites from nearby countries, most likely because tastes are correlated with distance.

Goldfarb, Avi. 2006. State Dependence at Internet Portals. Journal of Economics and Management Strategy 15(2), 317-352. Estimates switching costs at Internet portals using household-specific regressions.
     Final Version
Paper contains a reference to Understanding Internet Clickstream Data.

Goldfarb, Avi. 2006. The Medium-Term Effects of Unavailability. Quantitative Marketing and Economics 4(2), 143-171.
     Working Paper Version
Determines the effects of product unavailability on future choices in the context of a denial of service attack. Formerly "Why do temporary website shutdowns reduce future visits? Switching costs vs. changing preferences".

Goldfarb, Avi. 2006. The (Teaching) Role of Universities in the Diffusion of the Internet. International Journal of Industrial Organization 24(2), 203-225.
     Working Paper Version      Online Appendix
Documents and analyzes the role of educational institutions in the diffusion of the Internet.

Goldfarb, Avi, and Qiang Lu. 2006. Household-Specific Regressions Using Clickstream Data. Statistical Science 21(2), 247-255.
     Working Paper Version
Introduces clickstream data to the broader statistics community.

Forman, Chris, Avi Goldfarb, and Shane Greenstein. 2005. How Did Location Affect Adoption of the Commercial Internet: Global Village vs. Urban Leadership. Journal of Urban Economics 58(3),389-420.
     Working Paper Version
Tests opposing theories on how location influenced the diffusion of Internet technology.

Forman, Chris, Avi Goldfarb, and Shane Greenstein. 2005. How do Industry Features Influence the Role of Location on Internet Adoption? Journal of the Association of Information Systems 6(12), 383-406.
     Working Paper Version
Finds that information technology using industries are more sensitive to location than information technology producing industries.

Forman, Chris, Avi Goldfarb, and Shane Greenstein. 2005. Geographic Location and the Diffusion of Internet Technology. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 4(1).
     Working Paper Version
Describes how location affected business Internet adoption.

Goldfarb, Avi. 2004. Concentration in Advertising-Supported Online Markets: An Empirical Approach. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 13(6).
     Working Paper Version
Examines the relationship between concentration and market structure for advertising-based Internet companies.

Forman, Chris, Avi Goldfarb, and Shane Greenstein. 2003. The Geographic Dispersion of Commercial Internet Use. In Rethinking Rights and Regulations: Institutional Responses to New Communication Technologies. Eds. Lorrie Faith Cranor and Steven S. Wildman. MIT Press. 113-145.
     Working Paper Version
Discusses the geographic dispersion of commercial Internet use.

Goldfarb, Avi. 2002. Analyzing Website Choice Using Clickstream Data. Advances in Applied Microeconomics v. 11: The Economics of the Internet and E-commerce. Ed. Michael Baye, Elsevier Science Ltd. 209-230.
     Working Paper Version
Uses a panel of 2600 users to better understand the reasons behind website choice.